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Self-study Lessons > English > All levels >
LEARNING ENGLISH 10
by S.P. Iyer
VERBA sentence contains two parts --- a subject and a predicate The subject tells you whom or what the sentence is about-The predicate tells you what the subject is or does
Example - The cat ran through our back yard ( The cat is the subject and ran through our back yard has been
the predicate versions in this sentense)
The verb describes the action or a state of being in the predicate. in the above sentence the word ran has been the verb.
Without verb a group of words cannot be a sentence.A sentence can be as short as a single word.
A verb that describes the action performed by the subject of a sentence is called action verb
-Example
EAT/SLEEP/GO/STOP/RUN/SIT/STAND/SMOKE/WALK/KICK /JUMP/SWIM/CLIMB/THROW
THINK/DREAM/LISTEN/LOOK/BREATH/WONDER/HEAR (BOTH PHYSICAL AND MENTAL ACTIONS)
When a verb expresses the main action or state of being in a sentence - it is called the MAIN VERB.
The following words are known as helping verbs because they help the main verbs express tenses
i.e AM/ARE/IS/WAS/WERE/BE/BEING/BEEN/DO/DOES/DID/HAVE/HAS/HAD/MAY/MUST/MIGHT/CAN/COULD/WOULD/SHOULD/SHALL/WILL
The tense of a verb tells you when the action of the verbs takes place.
There are three main tenses-Present tense/Past tense/Future tense
The main verb+helping verb forms a complete verb- that you can be sure of the correct meaning of a sentence.
A main verb can have upto three helping verbs- Example 1.Rama is laughing
2.Rama should have seen the picture
3.Rama will have been waiting
Linking verbs connect the subject of the sentence to the predicate of the sentence.It help the words following it to refer to the subject.Linking verbs do not describe any action.
The verb of - to be - The verb of -being- are the most common words
i.e am.are,is,as,were,be,being, been/to seem,to appear,to feel,,to taste,to look, to grow,to prove, to remain, to smell, to sound, to stay, to become etc.
Many of these linking verbs also function as helping verbs/depends on the usage of such words in a sentence.
When it is an action verb it will be followed by a direct object-not a predicate adjective or predicate noun
An adjective answer three questions about the nouns they describe-what kind of (i.e) huge/ how many(ie) six /-
which one (s) (i.e) that -----when an adjective word comes after a linking verb like to be and describe the
subject of a sentence it is known as a predicate adjective. Example - The Creature was gigantic Noun Linking Verb Predicate
adjective
A predicate noun comes after a linking verb -to become, to remain etc
Example - He became a hero
Noun Linking Verb Predicate
noun
Verbals-These are words whose roots are verbs but functions as other parts of speech
GERUNDS-You can form a GERUND by adding -ing to the end of a Verb -i.e writing is a good exercise/laughing
make you feel relaxed. Here gerunds function as nouns
PARTICIPLES -You can form this by adding -ing, or -ed , to the end of a verb -i.e laughing person
Here participle function as adjective
contd............
Contd.................
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